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Planning and Protecting Groundwater—Managing The Quality And Quantity Of Drinking-Water Sources

Absrtact	Located in sub-tropical region, Taiwan is abundant in groundwater resource with currently 21% (wet season) and 41% (dry season) of the total water consumption. Due to booming industrial development and business activities in recent years in Taiwan, surface water resources have either been polluted or exhausted. Thus, sustainable management of groundwater issue is becoming much important and urgent. The government has established preliminary policies, standards and measures for groundwater （as drinking water） protection plan. Therefore, for developing strategies to protect groundwater for health by managing the quality of drinking-water sources, with studying international policy whose groundwater protection is putting in used, one public groundwater supply site in the Pingtung plain has been chosen for the potential management actions and the control measures experiment. The groundwater resource of the chosen site is part of a confined aquifer which provides steady quantity for drinking water. According to on-site monitoring from 2003 to 2007, the water quality is well below national drinking water quality standard. According to the source water assessment and protection （SWAP）,the deployment of the overarching issues of policy, land-use planning and implementation of management options for protecting groundwater has been applied. By employing fixed-distance methods, an inner protection area （Zone I）was established for protecting against the effects of activities which would have an immediate outcome on the source, in particular in relation to the release of pathogens into groundwater. It is defined as the area within which water would take 50 days to reach the abstraction point from any point below the water table, subject to a minimum of 50 m radius from the source. The Outer Source Protection Zone (Zone II) is an area defined by a 500 meter radius from the source. It is based upon the time needed for the attenuation of slowly degrading pollutants. The result was documented as a reference for the Government groundwater protection policy development.
Keyword	Groundwater, Groundwater Protection, Groundwater Resource, Drinking Water

Absrtact

Located in sub-tropical region, Taiwan is abundant in groundwater resource with currently 21% (wet season) and 41% (dry season) of the total water consumption. Due to booming industrial development and business activities in recent years in Taiwan, surface water resources have either been polluted or exhausted. Thus, sustainable management of groundwater issue is becoming much important and urgent. The government has established preliminary policies, standards and measures for groundwater （as drinking water） protection plan. Therefore, for developing strategies to protect groundwater for health by managing the quality of drinking-water sources, with studying international policy whose groundwater protection is putting in used, one public groundwater supply site in the Pingtung plain has been chosen for the potential management actions and the control measures experiment. The groundwater resource of the chosen site is part of a confined aquifer which provides steady quantity for drinking water. According to on-site monitoring from 2003 to 2007, the water quality is well below national drinking water quality standard. According to the source water assessment and protection （SWAP）,the deployment of the overarching issues of policy, land-use planning and implementation of management options for protecting groundwater has been applied. By employing fixed-distance methods, an inner protection area （Zone I）was established for protecting against the effects of activities which would have an immediate outcome on the source, in particular in relation to the release of pathogens into groundwater. It is defined as the area within which water would take 50 days to reach the abstraction point from any point below the water table, subject to a minimum of 50 m radius from the source. The Outer Source Protection Zone (Zone II) is an area defined by a 500 meter radius from the source. It is based upon the time needed for the attenuation of slowly degrading pollutants. The result was documented as a reference for the Government groundwater protection policy development.

Keyword

Groundwater, Groundwater Protection, Groundwater Resource, Drinking Water